Using Momentum To Help Mitigate Risk

September 7, 2010

Writing in Pensions & Investments magazine, Khalid Ghayur summarizes the merits of combining momentum and value strategies:

While research has shown that value stocks outperform the market over the long run, value strategies can underperform significantly during shorter periods. Capturing the full extent of value returns requires a long-term commitment on the investor’s part. However, periods of pronounced underperformance often negatively affect investors’ ability to “stay the course.”

Our research documents that a highly diversified strategy that combines value stocks with high price-momentum stocks (i.e., stocks with a high trailing 12-month total return) offers important risk reduction benefits to investors. It allows investors to stay invested for the long term by significantly mitigating potential underperformance in the short term.

Academic research has documented that value and momentum have provided significant market outperformance, or active returns, over the long run. Value and momentum are powerful and persistent sources of active returns, as depicted in the chart below.

My emphasis added. We’ve written a lot in the past about what a good portfolio mix relative strength and momentum make together. This article just makes the same point. There’s another important issue embedded in his article that ought to be of interest to advisors still using style boxes. He mentions that “momentum serves as a better diversifier to value than growth.” In terms of portfolio construction, you may be better off with value and relative strength than with value and growth. This viewpoint is likely to become more widespread, because as Mr. Ghayur points out:

Not surprisingly, Morningstar Inc. recently announced it soon will begin giving stocks a momentum score and then use it to give mutual funds a momentum ranking. This may ultimately lead to a new momentum investment style category for mutual funds.

Why wait for a mutual fund? You can be the first advisor on your block to use our already-available Systematic Relative Strength portfolios, which are separate accounts designed to capture momentum returns. Alternatively, there are three PowerShares Technical Leaders indexes designed to capture momentum returns. I must admit, though, that it’s nice to see industry leaders like Morningstar coming around to our point of view!

To receive the brochure for our Separately Managed Account strategies, click here. More information about PDP can be found at www.powershares.com.

Click here for disclosures. Past performance is no guarantee of future returns.

Click here to read the entire article, including the results of combining a value and momentum strategy from 1940-2009.


Dorsey, Wright Sentiment Survey Results - 8/27/10

September 7, 2010

Our latest sentiment survey was open from 8/27/10 to 9/3/10. We saw a solid uptick in the response rate, with 159 readers participating. Your input is for a good cause! If you believe, as we do, that markets are driven by supply and demand, client behavior is important. We’re not asking what you think of the market—since most of our blog readers are financial advisors, we’re asking instead about the behavior of your clients. Then we’re aggregating responses exclusively for our readership. Your privacy will not be compromised in any way.

After the first 30 or so responses, the established pattern was simply magnified, so we are comfortable about the statistical validity of our sample. Most of the responses were from the U.S., but we also had multiple advisors respond from at least two other countries. Let’s get down to an analysis of the data! Note: You can click on any of the charts to enlarge them.

Question 1. Based on their behavior, are your clients currently more afraid of: a) getting caught in a stock market downdraft, or b) missing a stock market upturn?

Chart 1: Greatest Fear. Despite this week’s rally, client fear continues to dominate our broad sentiment index. 94% of clients were fearful of a downdraft, nudging higher from last survey’s 93%. In the previous survey, fear nudged up by the same amount; we remain just off the all-time highs of fear sentiment. The market has staged a respectable bounce over the week the survey was out. It will be interesting to see if the market can hold up, and what, if any, the effect will be on client sentiment.

Chart 2. Greatest Fear Spread. Another way to look at this data is to examine the spread between the two groups. The spread remains significantly skewed towards fear of losing money this round. This survey’s reading was 89%, a step higher than last week’s reading of 86%. It seems like the spread is inching higher and higher as the market fumbles around. Eventually this trend will have to pull back, and it’s just a matter of time before that happens.

Question 2. Based on their behavior, how would you rate your clients’ current appetite for risk?

Chart 3: Average Risk Appetite. Average risk appetite has been trading within a fairly steady range since the end of May, pointing to a long-term patten of low-risk tolerance during times of heightened market uncertainty. Right now the average risk appetite for all participants is 2.03, just down from last week’s reading of 2.10. The average risk appetite slow-march towards zero risk is highlighted here.

Chart 4: Risk Appetite Bell Curve. This chart uses a bell curve to break out the percentage of respondents at each risk appetite level. Right now the bell curve is biased to the low-risk side, as it has been for the few months. What we see in the bell curve is more evidence that clients are afraid of losing money in the market. This week we had zero respondents whose clients would be considered a 5, which is “Take Risk.”

Chart 5: Risk Appetite Bell Curve by Group. The next three charts use cross-sectional data. This chart plots the reported client risk appetite separately for the fear of downdraft and for the fear of missing upturn groups. We would expect that the fear of downdraft group would have a lower risk appetite than the fear of missing upturn group and that is what we see here.

Chart 6: Average Risk Appetite by Group. A plot of the average risk appetite score by group is shown in this chart. These readings come exactly into line with what we’ve noticed before. The downturn group’s average risk appetite clocked in at 1.99, while the upturn group’s came in at 2.67. In both instances, the average risk appetite moved lower from last survey to this one. It seems like across the board, all of our sentiment indicators are creeping towards fear and reducing risk. It’s just a question of how low it can go, and how long it will stay there.

Chart 7: Risk Appetite Spread. This is a spread chart constructed from the data in Chart 6, where the average risk appetite of the downdraft group is subtracted from the average risk appetite of the missing upturn group. The spread is currently .67, down from last week’s .85. We see here again that the upturn group has a more volatile risk appetite, while the fearful clients have been staying around an average of 2.0 for nearly the entire summer.

This survey’s responses sync up nicely with our previous data. As the market continues to chop and grind lower, clients edge closer to being fully risk-averse. The market rallied big in the middle of the week to start September, which could lead to some discrepancy in the reading. Most of our respondents came early in the week, so this round really doesn’t incorporate the rally. However, who’s to say that a bounce would get anyone back in the market? In our last two surveys we’ve discussed how much of a rally it’s going to take to get Joe Investor back in the market…it’s likely to take a lot more than a solid bounce that has lasted half a week thus far. Hopefully the market will make a move out of its tight range in the latter half of the year, and we’ll get to see how that move affects our sentiment numbers.

No one can predict the future, as we all know, so instead of prognosticating, we will sit back and enjoy the ride. A rigorously tested, systematic investment process provides a great deal of comfort for clients during these types of fearful, highly uncertain market environments. Until next time, good trading and thank you for participating!


The New 800-Pound Gorilla in the Room

September 7, 2010

Somewhat mysteriously, the yen has been incredibly strong. Often a strong currency is the result of powerful economic growth, resulting in high interest yields for investors. That’s not the case with Japan right now-their economy is still slogging along in what seems like a never-ending alternation between recession and very slow growth that’s been going on since 1989 or so.

But as you can see for yourself in this chart of FXY, the yen is rocketing.

Source: Yahoo! Finance

So where is all the demand coming from? China, according to this article on Reuters. China has $2.4 trillion in foreign reserves and they’re using some of it to buy Japanese bonds. China is now the supplier of capital to the world-it’s the 800-pound gorilla in the room now, not the U.S. The U.S. doesn’t have $2.4 trillion in reserves-in fact, it has no reserves at all. If the U.S. government wants to spend, it has to borrow the money. The world has changed and your investment policy needs to keep up.

Capital flows matter. It’s often more important to pay attention to price action than to macro-economic factors. If the forecaster is lucky or good, the macro factors might have the predicted effect; price is an established fact.

Systematic application of relative strength relies completely on price-no guessing involved. Price isn’t perfect, but it’s often a lot less flawed than the alternatives.


Relative Strength Spread

September 7, 2010

The chart below is the spread between the relative strength leaders and relative strength laggards (universe of mid and large cap stocks). When the chart is rising, relative strength leaders are performing better than relative strength laggards. As of 9/3/2010:

The RS Spread remains fairly flat for now. However, the RS Spread is currently above its 50 day moving average.


Weekly RS Recap

September 7, 2010

The table below shows the performance of a universe of mid and large cap U.S. equities, broken down by relative strength decile and quartile and then compared to the universe return. Those at the top of the ranks are those stocks which have the best intermediate-term relative strength. Relative strength strategies buy securities that have strong intermediate-term relative strength and hold them as long as they remain strong.

Last week’s performance (8/30/10 – 9/3/10) is as follows:

Stocks had a very strong week last week with the universe benchmark gaining 4.29%; even better performance came from those stocks with the weakest relative strength characteristics.